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Eviction

Definition

In Québec, a landlord ending a lease to subdivide a dwelling, enlarge it substantially or change its use (art. 1959 C.C.Q.); a moratorium bans it until June 6, 2027.

The rule

In Québec, eviction (éviction) has a narrow meaning: the landlord may evict a tenant to subdivide the dwelling, enlarge it substantially or change its use (art. 1959, Civil Code of Québec). Removing a tenant for unpaid rent is different: that's lease termination. Notice periods match those of a repossession: at least 6 months before the end of a lease longer than 6 months. The notice states the date, the reason and the text of art. 1959.1 C.C.Q.; a tenant protected by that article (65 or older, 10 years in the dwelling, modest income) can't be evicted.

Since Bill 31 (notices sent from February 21, 2024), a tenant's silence for a month counts as a refusal. You must then apply to the Tribunal administratif du logement (TAL) within a month and prove the project is genuine and that the law, zoning for example, allows it.

Compensation and moratorium

The landlord pays reasonable moving costs plus one month's rent per year of continuous occupancy, from 3 to 24 months (art. 1965 C.C.Q.). The tenant can ask the TAL for more if their loss warrants it.

Bill 65 bans these evictions until June 6, 2027. The ban can end earlier, 60 days after a notice from the minister, if the vacancy rate measured by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) in urban centres of 10,000 people or more reaches 3%. The TAL doesn't say how it treats a notice sent during the moratorium: check with it first.

Learn more

Glossary terms

Official sources

General information, not legal advice

This page summarizes the rules in force in Québec on the update date shown, for information only. It does not replace advice from a lawyer, notary or accountant, nor the official texts: when in doubt, rely on the sources above and on the Tribunal administratif du logement.